Singapore is a city-state and island country in Southeast Asia. Singapore is a global commerce, finance and transport hub and is considered the most “technology-ready” nation, top International-meetings city, city with “best investment potential”, third-most competitive country, third-largest foreign exchange market, third-largest financial centre, third-largest oil refining and trading centre and the second-busiest container port. The country has also been identified as a tax haven. It is ranked highly in education, healthcare, life expectancy, quality of life, personal safety and housing. In 2018, Singaporean citizens had visa-free or visa-on-arrival access to 180 countries and territories, ranking the Singapore passport first in the world. 38% of Singapore’s 5.6 million residents are Permanent Residents and other foreign nationals. There are four official languages: English (common and first language), Malay, Mandarin and Tamil; almost all Singaporeans are bilingual. The currency of Singapore is the Singapore dollar.